<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-01'>Monday, April 1, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Sec. Seward sends President document headed: "Some thoughts for the 
President's consideration." It contains thoughts relating to office 
seekers, relief of forts, blockade, martial law, foreign affairs, war 
with European powers, and Lincoln's responsibilities. Lincoln 
insists: "I remark that if this must be done, <uLine>I</uLine> must 
do it."
<bibl default='NO'>Frederick W. Seward, <title>Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, 1830-1915.  By Frederick W. Seward, Assistant Secretary of State during the Administrations of Lincoln, Johnson, and Hayes</title> (New York: Putnam, 1916), 149; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A491' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to William H. Seward</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:316-18.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Seward, Capt. Meigs, and Lt. David D. Porter (USN) hasten to White 
House with plans prepared by them, without knowledge of Sec. Welles, 
for reinforcing Fort Pickens, Fla. President signs papers, directing 
that plans be approved by Gen. Scott, and U.S.S. "Powhatan" is 
withheld from Sumter expedition against President's wishes.
<bibl default='NO'>West, <title corresp='books_West'>Welles</title>, 101-2; Monaghan, <title corresp='books_Monaghan'>Diplomat</title>, 54-58; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A484' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Andrew H. Foote</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:313-14; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A485' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Andrew H. Foote</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:314; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A486' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Samuel Mercer</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:314; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A487' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Officers of the Army and Navy</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:315; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A488' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to David D. Porter</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:315; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A489' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to David D. Porter</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:315.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Sec. Welles goes to White House to protest recent instructions for 
expedition to Vera Cruz, Mexico and Pensacola, Fla.
<bibl default='NO'>Welles, <title corresp='books_Welles1'>Diary</title>; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A492' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Gideon Welles</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:318-19.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President writes: "Would it impose too much labor on General Scott to 
make short, comprehensive daily reports to me of what occurs in his 
Department?"
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A490' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Winfield Scott</xref>, 1 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:316.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-02'>Tuesday, April 2, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President announces that visitors will be received between 10 A.M. and 1 P.M.
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 2 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Presidential family spends two hours at Navy Yard and receives 21-gun salute.
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 3 April 1861; Washington Star, 3 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
During afternoon drive Lincoln visits military barracks.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>N.Y. Herald</title>, 3 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
[Irwin withdraws $42 from Springfield Marine Bank.
<bibl default='NO'>Pratt, <title corresp='books_Pratt3'>Personal Finances</title>, 176.</bibl>]
</p>
         <p>
Lincoln directs Sec. Seward to pay Capt. Meigs $10,000 "from the 
secret service fund" before Meigs leaves on expedition to reinforce 
Fort Pickens, Fla.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A496' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to William H. Seward</xref>, 2 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:320.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-03'>Wednesday, April 3, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Cabinet in session most of forenoon discussing Fort Sumter, S.C., situation.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 4 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President attends wedding of Commandant Franklin Buchanan's (USN) 
daughter at Navy Yard, but arrives too late for ceremony.
<bibl default='NO'>Bruce, <title corresp='books_Bruce'>Tools of War</title>, 9, 15.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Confers with Allan B. Magruder and sends him to Richmond to arrange 
consultation between Lincoln and Virginia Unionist, preferably former 
Cong. George W. Summers (Va.).
<bibl default='NO'>Randall, <title corresp='books_Randall1'>Lincoln</title>, 1:325-26.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Col. Keyes interviewed by President, who signs blanket order 
authorizing him to organize expedition to Fort Pickens, Fla.
<bibl default='NO'>Erasmus D. Keyes, <title>Fifty Years' Observation of Men and Events, Civil and Military</title> (New York: Scribner, 1884), 387; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A498' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Erasmus D. Keyes</xref>, 3 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:320.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
[Irwin withdraws $9 for payment of interest on scholarship, Illinois 
State University.
<bibl default='NO'>Pratt, <title corresp='books_Pratt3'>Personal Finances</title>, 176.</bibl>]
</p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline> 
            <date value='1861-04-04'>Thursday, April 4, 1861.</date> 
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington,
  DC</place>. </dateline>
         <p> Comdr. John A. Dahlgren (USN) on duty at Navy Yard,
  calls on Lincoln regarding howitzers to be sent to New York. <bibl default='NO'>Extracts
  from Dahlgren Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington,
  DC.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> At 11 A.M. President holds secret meeting with John B.
  Baldwin, Virginia Unionist, regarding secession. Considers idea of yielding
  Fort Sumter, S.C., in exchange for loyal pledge from Virginia, but rejects it. 
  <bibl default='NO'>U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on Reconstruction, <title>Report of the
  Joint Committee on Reconstruction</title>, 39th Cong., 1st sess. (Washington,
  DC: Government Printing Office, 1866), pt. 2, 102-3.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Informs G.
  V. Fox that decision has been made to let expedition go to Fort Sumter. 
  <bibl default='NO'>John S. Tilley, <title>Lincoln Takes Command</title> (Chapel Hill:
  University of North Carolina Press, 1941), 205.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Writes
  instructions for Sec. Cameron to send to Maj. Anderson at Fort Sumter: "Hoping
  still that you will be able to sustain yourself till the 11th. or 12th. inst.
  the expedition will go forward." <bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A501' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham
  Lincoln to Robert Anderson</xref>, 4 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:321-22.</bibl> 
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-05'>Friday, April 5, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Cabinet in session all forenoon; regular meetings Tuesdays and Fridays at noon.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 6 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Comdr. Dahlgren at White House again today, finds Lincoln "ill at 
ease, and not self possessed."
<bibl default='NO'>Extracts from Dahlgren Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Sec. Welles reads to President confidential letter to Capt. Samuel 
Mercer (USN), commanding U.S.S. "Powhatan," that he is to command 
naval force in supplying Fort Sumter, S.C.
<bibl default='NO'>Welles, <title corresp='books_Welles1'>Diary</title>.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
White House levee cancelled because of public business.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>N.Y. Herald</title>, 6 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President receives first (March) salary warrant for $2,083.33 and 
opens account by depositing it with Riggs &amp; Co., Washington, DC.
<bibl default='NO'>Pratt, <title corresp='books_Pratt3'>Personal Finances</title>, 124, 182.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Requests Sec. Chase to pay presidential salary on 5th of each month.
<bibl default='NO'>Lincoln to Chase, 5 April 1861. In possession of Philip D. and Elsie Sang, Chicago, Ill.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Visits Brady's gallery.
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Evening Star, 6 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-06'>Saturday, April 6, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Governors of Indiana, Ohio, Maine, and Pennsylvania confer with 
President about military status of militia.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 9 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President interviews Virginia Unionists who want assurances that 
Forts Sumter, S.C., and Pickens, Fla., will be evacuated. Sends for 
former Cong. John Minor Botts (Va.), prominent Virginia Unionist, to 
discuss pacific policy of Government.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 8 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Capt. Theodore Talbot, assistant adjutant general, talks to President 
before leaving for Charleston.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A501' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Robert Anderson</xref>, 4 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:321-22; Baltimore Sun, 8 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Robert S. Chew, clerk in state dept., accompanied by Talbot, carries 
note from President to Gov. Francis W. Pickens (S.C.) informing him 
that "an attempt will be made to supply Fort-Sumpter with provisions 
only; and that, if such attempt be not resisted, no effort to throw 
in men, arms, or ammunition, will be made, without further notice, or 
in case of an attack upon the Fort."
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A505' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Robert S. Chew</xref>, 6 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:323-24; <title corresp='books_War'>Official Records&#8212;Armies</title> 1, I, 251.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President learns that orders to reinforce Fort Pickens are not 
carried out. Federal naval commander at Pensacola Harbor refuses to 
let troops land.
<bibl default='NO'>Benjamin P. Thomas, <title>Abraham Lincoln: A Biography</title> (New York: Knopf, 1952), 254.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Sec. Welles confers with President and sends special messenger to 
Pensacola, Fla., to land troops at Fort Pickens.
<bibl default='NO'>Welles, <title corresp='books_Welles1'>Diary</title>.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln attends for short time only <person key='LI30825' teiForm='name'>Mrs. Lincoln</person>'s second afternoon reception.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 8 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Visits Navy Yard.
<bibl default='NO'>Randall, <title corresp='books_Randall1'>Lincoln</title>, 3:15.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Secs. Seward and Welles and Commodore Silas H. Stringham (USN) go to 
White House at 11 P.M. for President's decision on conflicting orders 
given U.S.S. "Powhatan." Lincoln directs Seward to telegraph order to 
restore "Powhatan" to Sumter expedition.
<bibl default='NO'>Welles, <title corresp='books_Welles1'>Diary</title>.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline> 
            <date value='1861-04-07'>Sunday, April
  7, 1861.</date> 
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>. </dateline>
         <p> Former Cong.
  Botts (Va.) confers with Lincoln from 7 to 11 P.M. about problems and
  expedients to prevent Virginia from seceding. <bibl default='NO'>George S. Boutwell,
  <title>Reminiscences of Sixty Years in Public Affairs</title>, 2 vols. (New
  York: McClure, Phillips, 1902), 2:62-64; U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on
  Reconstruction, <title>Report of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction</title>,
  39th Cong., 1st sess. (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1866), pt.
  2, 114.</bibl> 
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-08'>Monday, April 8, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Sec. Seward reads to President from London "Times" opinion that 
citizens of U.S. and Great Britain are of same descent and their 
ambitions for civilization will always be the same.
<bibl default='NO'>Frederic Bancroft, <title>The Life of William H. Seward</title>, 2 vols. (New York: Harper, 1900), 2:162-63.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President holds public reception.
<bibl default='NO'>Randall, <title corresp='books_Randall1'>Lincoln</title>, 1:369.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Describes patronage fight among New York Republicans with endorsement 
on letter of this date: "Greeley, Opdycke, Field &amp; Wadsworth, in 
favor of having the two big puddings on the same side of the 
board&#8212;"
<bibl default='NO'>Greeley and others to Lincoln, 8 April 1861, Robert Todd Lincoln Collection of Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-09'>Tuesday, April 9, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President devotes most of day to minor appointments.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A510' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Memorandum: Appointment of Commissioner of Pensions</xref>, 9 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:325; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A511' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Memorandum: Appointment of Christian Metz</xref>, [c. 9 April 1861], <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:325-26.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-10'>Wednesday, April 10, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Ambrose W. Thompson, head, Chiriqui Improvement Company with land in 
Granadian Confederation (Panama near border of Costa Rica), 
interviews President regarding colonization and coal supply of navy.
<bibl default='NO'>Thompson to Lincoln, 11 April 1861, Robert Todd Lincoln Collection of Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-11'>Thursday, April 11, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President confers several hours with Gov. Hicks (Md.).
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 15 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Interviews Carl Schurz regarding appointment to command of four regiments.
<bibl default='NO'>Schurz to Lincoln, 11 April 1861, Robert Todd Lincoln Collection of Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Purchases harness punch from Lutz and Co., leather goods merchants, for $1.25.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>Lutz Account Book</title>. In possession of John Plugge, Chevy Chase, Md.</bibl>
         </p>
         <quote>
            <p>
[At 4:30 A.M. in Charleston, S.C., batteries begin bombardment of Fort Sumter.]
</p>
         </quote>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-12'>Friday, April 12, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Cabinet discusses general matters in short session.
<bibl default='NO'>Bates, <title corresp='books_Bates3'>Diary</title>.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln appoints W. H. Lamon marshal for District of Columbia.
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 12 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Receives unofficially Virginia commissioners: former Cong. William B. 
Preston (Va.), Alexander H. H. Stuart, and George W. Randolph.
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 13 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Confides in Sen. Charles Sumner (Mass.) that Fort Sumter, S.C., will 
not be surrendered.
<bibl default='NO'>Pierce, <title corresp='books_Pierce'>Sumner Memoir and Letters</title>, 4:41.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline> 
            <date value='1861-04-13'>Saturday, April 13, 1861.</date> 
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington,
  DC</place>. </dateline>
         <p> Lincoln grants William O. Stoddard of Illinois,
  White House assistant secretary, permission to join National Rifles, but active
  service is superseded by civilian duties. <bibl default='NO'>William O. Stoddard,
  <title>Lincoln's Third Secretary: The Memoirs of William O. Stoddard</title>,
  ed. by William O. Stoddard, Jr. (New York: Exposition Press, 1955),
  79-81.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Receives no information on Charleston except through
  press. <bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 15 April 1861.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Sec. Cameron, Robert
  J. Walker, former secretary of treasury and senator from Mississippi, James R.
  Gilmore of Cincinnati, editor and author of "Among the Pines," and Lincoln
  converse for two hours about conditions in South. <bibl default='NO'>James R. Gilmore,
  <title>Personal Recollections of Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War</title>
  (Boston: Page, 1898), 13-22.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> President replies in writing to
  commissioners appointed by Convention of State of Virginia on April 8, 1861:
  "In case it proves true, that Fort-Sumpter has been assaulted, as is reported,
  I shall perhaps, cause the United [States] mails to be withdrawn from all the
  States which claim to have seceded&#8212; . . . I consider the Military posts
  and property situated within the states, which claim to have seceded, as yet
  belonging to the Government. . . . I shall not attempt to collect the duties,
  and imposts, by any armed invasion of any part of the country&#8212;not meaning
  by this, however, that I may not land a force, deemed necessary, to relieve a
  fort upon a border of the country." <bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A525' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham
  Lincoln to a Committee from the Virginia Convention</xref>, [13 April 1861],
  <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:329-31.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Attends
  for few minutes reception in <person key='LI30825' teiForm='name'>Mrs. Lincoln</person>'s
  drawing room. <bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 15 April 1861.</bibl> 
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-14'>Sunday, April 14, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President attends New York Avenue Presbyterian Church and meets 
pastor, Dr. Gurley.
<bibl default='NO'>David R. Barbee, "President Lincoln and Doctor Gurley," <title>Abraham Lincoln Quarterly</title> 5 (March 1948):5.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Cabinet approves call for 75,000 militia and session of Congress for 
July 4, 1861.
<bibl default='NO'>Frederick W. Seward, <title>Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, 1830-1915.  By Frederick W. Seward, Assistant Secretary of State during the Administrations of Lincoln, Johnson, and Hayes</title> (New York: Putnam, 1916), 151-52.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln takes his sons and John G. Nicolay, private secretary to 
President, for carriage ride.
<bibl default='NO'>Nicolay to Bates, 14 April 1861, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Prepares and distributes proclamation dated April 15, 1861 calling out militia.
<bibl default='NO'>William O. Stoddard, <title>Abraham Lincoln: The True Story of a Great Life</title> (New York: Fords, Howard &amp; Hulbert, 1884), 223.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Sen. Douglas (Ill.) and former Cong. George Ashmun (Mass.) confer 
with Lincoln. Although Douglas opposes administration on political 
issues, he pledges support to preserve Union.
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 15 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
[Maj. Anderson evacuates Fort Sumter, S.C. 
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title corresp='books_War'>Official Records&#8212;Armies</title> 1, I, 12. </bibl>
         </p>
         <p>Cabinet convenes for long night session.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>N.Y. Times</title>, 16 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-15'>Monday, April 15, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President Lincoln issues proclamation calling forth "the militia of 
the several States of the Union to the aggregate number of 
seventy-five thousand."
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 15 April 1861; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A527' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Proclamation Calling Militia and Convening Congress</xref>, 15 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:331-33.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Cabinet meets at 10 A.M. and remains in session virtually all day.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>N.Y. Times</title>, 16 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Gen. Scott, Gov. Curtin (Pa.), and Alexander K. McClure, prominent 
Pennsylvania Republican, attend conference at White House relative to 
defense of Washington. President remarks that if he were Gen. Pierre 
G. T. Beauregard (CSA), he would take Washington.
<bibl default='NO'>Margaret Leech, <title>Reveille in Washington 1860-1865</title> (New York: Harper, 1941), 56.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Interviews John W. Lawrence, Union mayor of Portsmouth, Va., who 
urges him to defend naval depot and estimates that over half of 
citizens of city are loyal.
<bibl default='NO'>Lawrence to Lincoln, 13 December 1862, Robert Todd Lincoln Collection of Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Receives Sen. James Dixon (Conn.), who assures him Connecticut people 
approve President's course.
<bibl default='NO'>Dixon to Welles, 16 April 1861, Gideon Welles Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Writes Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth: "I have been, and still am anxious 
for you to have the best position in the military which can be given 
you."
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A529' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Elmer E. Ellsworth</xref>, 15 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:333.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-16'>Tuesday, April 16, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Lincoln holds patronage conference with Pennsylvania delegation 
including Gov. Curtin (Pa.).
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 17 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Writes Sec. Cameron: "I especially wish Robert A. Kinzie to be 
appointed a Pay-Master. This is not a formality, but an earnest 
reality."
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A535' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron</xref>, 16 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:335.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline> 
            <date value='1861-04-17'>Wednesday, April 17, 1861.</date> 
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington,
  DC</place>. </dateline>
         <p> Company of Marylanders calls upon President and
  urges reinforcement of Fort McHenry, Md. <bibl default='NO'> 
               <title>N.Y. Times</title>, 18
  April 1861.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Lincoln confers with Gen. Scott on matters
  pertaining to Harper's Ferry, Va., Gosport Navy Yard, Va., and defense of
  Washington. <bibl default='NO'>Scott's Daily Report No. 15, 17 April 1861, Robert Todd
  Lincoln Collection of Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington,
  DC.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Interviews George T. Whittington of Alexandria, Va., and
  recommends that Sec. Seward send him to Richmond to "make observations for us."
  <bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln8;node=lincoln8%3A874' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham
  Lincoln to William H. Seward</xref>, 17 April 1861,
  <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 8:416-17.</bibl> 
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-18'>Thursday, April 18, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Lincoln hears eyewitness account of what Mr. Wiley of New York saw in 
Charleston Friday night, April 12, 1861.
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 18 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Interviews New York "Tribune" correspondent, Bayard Taylor.
<bibl default='NO'>N.Y. Tribune, 23 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Quarters Jim Lane's "Frontier Guards" (600 Kansas men) in East Room 
of White House under Maj. Hunter.
<bibl default='NO'>Dennett, <title corresp='books_Dennett'>Hay Diaries and Letters</title>, 1.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
F. P. Blair, Sr., allegedly at request of Lincoln, unofficially 
offers Col. Robert E. Lee command of Federal Army.
<bibl default='NO'>Lee to Johnson, 25 February 1868, Robert E. Lee Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President confers with Sec. Welles and Gen. Scott on military 
protection of Norfolk Navy Yard, Va. Cabinet in evening meeting 
discusses fall of Harper's Ferry, Va., and possible attack on Navy 
Yard.
<bibl default='NO'>Gideon Welles, "Fort Sumter, Facts in Relation to the Expedition Ordered by the Administration of President Lincoln for the Relief of the Garrison in Fort Sumter," <title>Galaxy</title> 10 (November 1870):117.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln retires early, but is awakened by John Hay, assistant 
secretary to President, bearing warning of possible plot against his 
life; merely grins.
<bibl default='NO'>Margaret Leech, <title>Reveille in Washington 1860-1865</title> (New York: Harper, 1941), 59.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-19'>Friday, April 19, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Cabinet in morning session hears Comdr. James Alden's (USN) story of 
conditions at Norfolk.
<bibl default='NO'>Gideon Welles, "Fort Sumter, Facts in Relation to the Expedition Ordered by the Administration of President Lincoln for the Relief of the Garrison in Fort Sumter," <title>Galaxy</title> 10 (November 1870):118-19.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President issues proclamation blockading ports in states of South 
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and 
Texas.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A545' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Proclamation of a Blockade</xref>, 19 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:338-39.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Drives out to inspect forts around Washington. Attempts to aid 
Gosport Navy Yard, Va., but fails.
<bibl default='NO'>Monaghan, <title corresp='books_Monaghan'>Diplomat</title>, 75-76.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Representatives of Mayor George W. Brown (Baltimore) present letter 
informing Lincoln "that it is not possible for more soldiers to pass 
through Baltimore unless they fight their way at every step."
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A548' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Thomas H. Hicks and George W. Brown</xref>, 20 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:340-41.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President receives telegram from Gov. Hicks (Md.) and Brown that 6th 
Massachusetts Infantry passing through Baltimore is attacked by mob. 
Approximately four soldiers and nine citizens killed.
<bibl default='NO'>Benjamin P. Thomas, <title>Abraham Lincoln: A Biography</title> (New York: Knopf, 1952), 260-61; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A548' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Thomas H. Hicks and George W. Brown</xref>, 20 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:340-41.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Interviews Col. John B. Magruder, commanding 1st U.S. Artillery 
defending Washington, who thinks of resigning.
<bibl default='NO'>Dennett, <title corresp='books_Dennett'>Hay Diaries and Letters</title>, 6.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President is "annoyed" to learn his hotel bill ($773.75) has not been 
paid. Sends John G. Nicolay to pay it and obtain receipt.
<bibl default='NO'>DLC&#8212;Willards' Register; Lincoln to Willards', 19 April 1861, in possession of Willard Hotel, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
[See February 23, 1861.]
</p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-20'>Saturday, April 20, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President confers with Gen. Scott at 8 A.M. about troops passing 
through Baltimore.
<bibl default='NO'>Nicolay Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Calls Gov. Hicks (Md.) and Mayor Brown (Baltimore) to Washington for 
conference "relative to preserving the peace of Maryland."
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A548' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Thomas H. Hicks and George W. Brown</xref>, 20 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:340-41; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A549' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Thomas H. Hicks and George W. Brown</xref>, 20 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:341.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Interviews Sen. Anthony Kennedy (Md.) and former Cong. J. Morrison 
Harris (Md.) relative to movement of troops through Maryland.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>N.Y. Times</title>, 27 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline> 
            <date value='1861-04-21'>Sunday, April
  21, 1861.</date> 
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>. </dateline>
         <p> President and
  John Hay, assistant secretary to President, look down bay from roof of White
  House. <bibl default='NO'>Dennett, <title corresp='books_Dennett'>Hay Diaries and
  Letters</title>, 6.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Cabinet again convenes in Navy Dept. to
  plan action of government. <bibl default='NO'>Randall, <title corresp='books_Randall1'>Lincoln</title>, 1:364.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Lucius E.
  Chittenden, registrar of treasury, takes Dr. James Wynne, author and resident
  of New York, to White House for conference on conditions in New York. 
  <bibl default='NO'>Lucius E. Chittenden, <title>Recollections of President Lincoln and his
  Administration</title> (New York: Harper, 1891), 118-19.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p>
  President confers further with Mayor Brown (Baltimore), Gen. Scott, and cabinet
  on moving troops through Maryland. <bibl default='NO'>Randall,
  <title corresp='books_Randall1'>Lincoln</title>, 3:159.</bibl> 
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-22'>Monday, April 22, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Committee of 50, representing YMCA of Baltimore, calls at White House 
and requests that no more troops cross Maryland. Lincoln replies: 
"Our men are not moles, and can't dig under the earth; they are not 
birds, and can't fly through the air. There is no way but to march 
across, and that they must do."
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 22 April 1861; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A550' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Reply to Baltimore Committee</xref>, 22 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:341-42.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln surprised at resignation of Col. Magruder who three days ago 
expressed loyalty.
<bibl default='NO'>Nicolay, <title corresp='books_Nicolay1'>Lincoln's Secretary</title>, 95.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Cassius M. Clay, wearing three pistols and "Arkansas toothpick" 
(Bowie knife), calls on Lincoln. Sec. Chase complains to President 
about everybody issuing orders.
<bibl default='NO'>Hay, <title corresp='books_Hay'>Letters and Diary</title>.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln instructs Sec. Seward to inform Gov. Hicks (Md.) that 
domestic matters will not be referred to foreign arbitrament.
<bibl default='NO'>Henry J. Raymond, <title>The Life and Public Services of Abraham Lincoln . . . Together with his State Papers, including his Speeches, Addresses, Messages, Letters, and Proclamations and the Closing Scenes Connected with his Life and Death</title> (New York: Derby &amp; Miller, 1865), 175; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A549' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Thomas H. Hicks and George W. Brown</xref>, 20 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:341.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Cabinet meeting 3 P.M.
<bibl default='NO'>Nicolay to Welles, 22 April 1861, Gideon Welles Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Former Cong. Henry W. Davis (Md.) interviews President and members of 
cabinet on problems of peace.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 24 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Henry Villard, speaking for James Gordon Bennett, founder of New York 
"Herald," informs President and Chase that Bennett will back 
administration unconditionally and offers son's yacht as gift to 
government revenue service.
<bibl default='NO'>Henry Villard, <title>Memoirs of Henry Villard</title>, 2 vols. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1904), 1:162.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Deputation of 16 Virginians and 8 Marylanders visits Executive 
Mansion and demands cessation of hostilities until Congress convenes.
<bibl default='NO'>
               <title>N.Y. Times</title>, 27 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
President confers with Gen. Scott in driveway of Executive Mansion to 
save his gouty visitor pain of climbing stairs.
<bibl default='NO'>Margaret Leech, <title>Reveille in Washington 1860-1865</title> (New York: Harper, 1941), 62.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-23'>Tuesday, April 23, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Lincoln paces floor awaiting troops for defense of Washington.
<bibl default='NO'>Nicolay, <title corresp='books_Nicolay1'>Lincoln's Secretary</title>, 95.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Cabinet meeting around noon.
<bibl default='NO'>Margaret Leech, <title>Reveille in Washington 1860-1865</title> (New York: Harper, 1941), 64.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-24'>Wednesday, April 24, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Awaiting further troops for defense of Washington, Lincoln talks to 
wounded men of 6th Massachusetts Regiment at White House and remarks: 
"I begin to believe that there is no North."
<bibl default='NO'>Nicolay, <title corresp='books_Nicolay1'>Lincoln's Secretary</title>, 96.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Answers letter of former Sen. Reverdy Johnson (Md.), former attorney 
general and recent Maryland delegate to Peace Conference: "I 
<uLine>do</uLine> say the sole purpose of bringing troops 
<uLine>here</uLine> is to defend this capital. . . . I have no 
purpose to <uLine>invade</uLine> Virginia or any other State, but I 
do not mean to let them invade us without striking back."
<bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A553' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Reverdy Johnson</xref>, 24 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:342-43.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline> 
            <date value='1861-04-25'>Thursday, April 25, 1861.</date> 
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington,
  DC</place>. </dateline>
         <p> President considers preventing Maryland Legislature
  from meeting and possibly arming people of that state against U.S. and
  concludes it would not be justifiable. <bibl default='NO'>
               <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A556' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham
  Lincoln to Winfield Scott</xref>, 25 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:344.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> Sec. Smith consults
  with Lincoln on readying Fortress Monroe, Va., preparatory to retaking Fort
  Sumter, S.C. <bibl default='NO'>Hay, <title corresp='books_Hay'>Letters and
  Diary</title>.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p> President and Secs. Cameron and Welles review
  7th New York Regiment. <bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 25 April 1861.</bibl> 
         </p>
         <p>
  Labels clippings from New York "Times" of this date, "Villainous articles." 
  <bibl default='NO'>Clippings, 25 April 1861, Robert Todd Lincoln Collection of Abraham
  Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl> 
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-26'>Friday, April 26, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
At 3 P.M. Lincoln, accompanied by many officials, attends dress drill 
of 7th New York Regiment in front of Capitol.
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 27 April 1861; William Swinton, <title>History of Seventh Regiment, National Guard, State of New York, During the War of Rebellion</title> (New York: Fields, Osgood, 1870), 128.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Reviews 8th Massachusetts.
<bibl default='NO'>Bates, <title corresp='books_Bates1'>Telegraph Office</title>, 21.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Frontier Guard, no longer quartered in Executive Mansion, waits upon 
Lincoln, who says: "I have desired as sincerely as any man&#8212;I 
sometimes think more than any other man&#8212;that our present 
difficulties might be settled without the shedding of blood."
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 29 April 1861; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A558' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Reply to the Frontier Guard</xref>, 26 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:345.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
[Commissioner of Public Buildings requests from Sec. of War 6 
additional Colt's pistols, Navy size, for police at Executive 
Mansion. Six now on hand are deemed insufficient under existing 
circumstances.
<bibl default='NO'>DNA&#8212;RG 42 Commissioner of Public Buildings, Letters Sent, Blake to Cameron, 26 April 1861.</bibl>]
</p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-27'>Saturday, April 27, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President authorizes suspension of writ of habeas corpus along line 
of troop movements between Philadelphia and Washington.
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 17 July 1861; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A563' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Abraham Lincoln to Winfield Scott</xref>, 27 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:347.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Extends blockade to ports of North Carolina and Virginia.
<bibl default='NO'>Baltimore Sun, 30 April 1861; <xref from='ROOT' url='http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=lincoln;rgn=div1;view=text;idno=lincoln4;node=lincoln4%3A562' targOrder='U' to='DITTO'>Proclamation of Blockade</xref>, 27 April 1861, <title corresp='books_Basler2'>CW</title>, 4:346-47.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Seventh New York Regiment band serenades presidential family and 
friends on south lawn of Executive Mansion.
<bibl default='NO'>Washington Star, 29 April 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln talks of war with Carl Schurz, whom he appoints minister to Spain.
<bibl default='NO'>Hay, <title corresp='books_Hay'>Letters and Diary</title>.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln, Sec. Cameron, and Gen. Scott are in War Dept., in Chief 
Clerk John P. Sanderson's room, when David H. Bates reports there to 
serve in telegraph office.
<bibl default='NO'>Bates, <title corresp='books_Bates1'>Telegraph Office</title>, 25-26.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-28'>Sunday, April 28, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
President, Sec. Seward, and other officials visit quarters of 7th New 
York Regiment in House Chamber of Capitol.
<bibl default='NO'>William Swinton, <title>History of Seventh Regiment, National Guard, State of New York, During the War of Rebellion</title> (New York: Fields, Osgood, 1870), 134.</bibl>
         </p>
      </div2>

<div2 part='N' sample='complete' org='uniform'>
         <dateline>
            <date value='1861-04-29'>Monday, April 29, 1861.</date>
            <place key='38.8833, -77.0333' teiForm='name'>Washington, DC</place>.
</dateline>
         <p>
Cong. Charles H. Van Wyck (N.Y.) asks Lincoln for temporary active 
duty while awaiting arrival of regiment.
<bibl default='NO'>Van Wyck to Nicolay, 29 April 1861, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Mayor Berret (Washington) makes formal call at White House.
<bibl default='NO'>National Intelligencer, 1 March 1861.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Lincoln has picture made on White House lawn with citizen-soldiers of 
Cassius M. Clay Battalion.
<bibl default='NO'>LL, No. 1450.</bibl>
         </p>
         <p>
Borrows from Library of Congress "Placier Times and Transcript, part 2, 1855."
<bibl default='NO'>Borrowers' Ledger 1859-62, 350, Archives of the Library of Congress, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. [San Francisco, <title>Daily Placer Times and Transcript</title>, 16 June 1851-17 December 1855.]</bibl>
         </p>
         <