George Henry Story, painter, sketches President at work three successive mornings. Rufus R. Wilson, Lincoln in Portraiture (New York: Press of the Pioneer, 1935), 167-69; LL, No. 793.

Lincoln family reserves pew in New York Avenue Presbyterian Church, of which Dr. Phineas D. Gurley is pastor. Baltimore Sun, 6 June 1861; Evening Star (Washington, DC), 5 June 1861, 3:2.

Members of 2d Maryland Regiment elect Capt. John C. McConnell their colonel and send delegation to President to procure colonel's commission for him. Baltimore Sun, 3 June 1861.

From balcony of White House President and family hear afternoon music by Marine band. Brisk firing (musket practice) on Virginia side of Potomac interrupts program. Nicolay to Bates, 2 June 1861, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC; N.Y. Times, 2 June 1861.

At 6 p.m., at Washington D. C.'s Navy yard, President Lincoln and Secretary of State William H. Seward board the Freeborn. The day before, the Freeborn received fire from enemy guns. A newspaper reports, "The President shook the hands of the gunners with great cordiality, and complimented them for their bravery. The enemy's rifled cannon shot were handed him for examination at his request. . . . One [man] of the Seventy-first [Regiment], through his eagerness to watch the movements of the President from the pier, fell over-board, but being an excellent swimmer, soon reached terra firma." New York Daily Tribune, 3 June 1861, 5:3.

G. H. Story continues sketching President. Rufus R. Wilson, Lincoln in Portraiture (New York: Press of the Pioneer, 1935), 167-69.

[Senator Stephen A. Douglas (Ill.) dies at 9:10 A.M. in Chicago at age 48. Death comes several weeks after attack of acute rheumatism followed by complicated illness. Chicago Tribune, 4 June 1861.]

President directs that government offices be closed on day of funeral and that Executive Mansion and departments be draped in mourning 30 days. Baltimore Sun, 6 June 1861.

President Lincoln writes to Commanding General of the U.S. Army Winfield Scott and relays some military intelligence. Lincoln writes, "I have accounts from different sources, tending to some expectation of an attack being made upon our forces across the Potomac to-morrow morning. I think it prudent to say this to you, although it is highly probable you are better informed than I am[.]" Abraham Lincoln to Winfield Scott, 3 June 1861, Williams College, Williamstown, MA.

G. H. Story continues sketching President. Rufus R. Wilson, Lincoln in Portraiture (New York: Press of the Pioneer, 1935), 167-69.

[From contingent fund for expenses of Executive Office, John G. Nicolay purchases "Map of the Seat of War." DNA—RG 217, General Accounting Office, 142-060.]

Several merchants and shipbuilders from Baltimore interview President and cabinet in special session. Baltimore Sun, 6 June 1861.

President makes short speech of welcome to Marcelino Hurtado, minister plenipotentiary from Granadian Confederation. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 5 June 1861, 3:1; Reply to Don Marcelino Hurtado, 4 June 1861, CW, 4:393.

Ignores secession in Texas and recognizes Miguel Zaragosa as consul for Mexico at San Antonio. Baltimore Sun, 8 June 1861.

In the evening, President Lincoln and First Lady Mary Lincoln host a dinner for members of the "diplomatic corps." A newspaper reports, "It was in many respects the most brilliant affair of the sort that has ever taken place at the Executive Mansion." Mary Lincoln decorates using "fragrant natural flowers. . . . [from] the White House conservatories and grounds" in place of the existing "stiff artificial flowers." "The dinner was served in a style to indicate that Mrs. Lincoln's good taste and good judgment had exercised supervision in this department also." Evening Star (Washington, D.C.), 7 June 1861, 2:1-2; National Republican (Washington, DC), 7 June 1861, 3:1; The New York Times (NY), 7 June 1861, 8:1.

Subcommittee of Union Defense Committee of New York reports to President on forwarding of troops and munitions. N.Y. Times, 6 June 1861.

[Lincoln's private secretary, John G. Nicolay, leaves for two-week trip to Illinois. N.Y. Tribune, 6 June 1861.]

Lincoln prepares order for Gen. George B. McClellan to command Sturges Rifles of Chicago [later McClellan's bodyguard]. Writes Gen. Scott for assistance in preparing way for appointment of Gen. Meigs as quartermaster general. Abraham Lincoln to Winfield Scott, 5 June 1861, CW, 4:394-95.

Gives Marshal W. H. Lamon written testimonial to expedite organization of brigade of Unionist Virginians. Testimonial Written for Ward H. Lamon, 5 June 1861, CW, 4:395.

Interviews Henry S. Turner, retired army officer, Missouri farmer, and banking partner of Gen. William T. Sherman. Sherman to Sherman, 8 June 1861, William T. Sherman Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

Receives May salary warrant for $2,083.34. Pratt, Personal Finances, 182.

[President's Mounted Guard wanted dead or alive. Southern sources offer $500 reward for each and every member. N.Y. Herald, 6 June 1861.]

"It was decided by the Cabinet today that all the expenses of the war should be paid by the General Government except such sums as may be expended by the States in the equipment and maintenance of men previous to their being sworn in." New York Times, 7 June 1861.

Funeral of Senator Stephen A. Douglas (Ill.). Lincoln receives no visitors. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 7 June 1861, 2:2; National Republican (Washington, DC), 8 June 1861, 3:2.

[Government departments, municipal offices, public schools closed in deference to Douglas. New York Times, 8 June 1861; Evening Star (Washington, DC), 7 June 1861, 2:2.

Joseph Gawler, cabinet maker and undertaker, Penn. Ave. between 17th & 18th Sts. charges Executive Mansion account $28.00 for "224 yds. of Black cambric," $1.12 for "3 yds of Black crape" and $15.00 for "Drapeing the Building." DNA—RG 217, General Accounting Office, 141-665.]

President interviews former Cong. Emerson Etheridge (Tenn.) who will direct distribution of arms sent to Cairo, Ill. Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 8 June 1861, CW, 4:395-96.

Approves U.S. Sanitary Commission authorized by secretary of war, consisting of Rev. Dr. Henry W. Bellows, Unitarian pastor, president, Profs. Alexander D. Bache, Wolcott Gibbs, Jeffries Wyman, Drs. William H. Van Buren, Samuel G. Howe, Robert C. Wood, Col. George W. Cullum, and Maj. Alexander E. Shiras. Frank Moore, ed., The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events, 11 vols. & 1 supplemental vol. (New York: Van Nostrand, 1861-68), 1:Diary.

President and party review Garibaldi Guard at Camp Grinnell, DC, on eastern branch of Potomac. N.Y. Tribune, 9 June 1861.

President does not accompany Mrs. Lincoln to church today. N.Y. Times, 11 June 1861.

["In Christ Church, at Alexandria, today the Reverend Dr. Cornelius B. Walker, a Disunionist, preached a strong Secession sermon, significantly omitting the prayer for the President of the United States from the regular service." N.Y. Tribune, 10 June 1861.]

Lincoln writes Secretary of War: "Please let Col. Montgomery C. Meigs be appointed Quarter-Master-General." Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 10 June 1861, CW, 4:398.

Prepares order for issue of bonds for use of Delaware Indians. Order for Issue of Bonds for Use of Delaware Indians, 10 June 1861, CW, 4:400-2.

Appoints resident ministers: former Cong. Edward J. Morris (Pa.) to Constantinople, Henry T. Blow of Missouri to Venezuela, Charles N. Riotte of Texas to Costa Rica. N.Y. Tribune, 11 June 1861.

At 5 P.M. the President and General Winfield Scott review 2d Michigan Regiment at the White House. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 11 June 1861, 3:2.

In evening group of army chaplains is entertained by President and Mrs. Lincoln. Baltimore Sun, 12 June 1861.

[Irwin withdraws $31.65 from Springfield Marine Bank. Pratt, Personal Finances, 176.]

President deposits May salary check for $2,083.34 in Riggs Bank. Pratt, Personal Finances, 182.

Witnesses experiments with gun made by Orison Blunt and writes Comdr. Dahlgren: "I really think it worthy the attention of the government." Endorsement: John A. Dahlgren to Lincoln, 10 June 1861, CW, 4:399.

[For $2.50, Joseph Gawler, cabinet maker, mounts 4 maps in the President's house. DNA—RG 217, General Accounting Office, 141-665.]

Lincoln's former pastor, Dr. James A. Smith of Springfield, is visiting at Executive Mansion. Baltimore Sun, 12 June 1861.

Prof. Joseph Henry, secretary of Smithsonian Institution, introduces Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, balloonist, to President. Bruce, Tools of War, 85.

Lincoln visits Navy Yard, receives artillery salute, witnesses gun practice. Baltimore Sun, 13 June 1861; Evening Star (Washington, DC), 12 June 1861, 2:2.

Reviews Michigan, Ohio, and New York regiments at Executive Mansion with Secretary of State William H. Seward. Accepts six additional regiments from Indiana. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 12 June 1861, 3:2, 3; National Republican (Washington, DC), 12 June 1861, 3:1; Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 11 June 1861, CW, 4:402.

Informs Gen. Meigs that his appointment as quartermaster general will probably be made tomorrow. Extracts from Meigs Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

Authorizes Commissioner Dole to select superintendent of Indian affairs in Washington Territory. Anson Dart of Wisconsin, former superintendent of Indian affairs in Oregon, is designated. Adverse reports on Dart cause Lincoln to write Dole "that neither you or I could knowingly be for such a man." Abraham Lincoln to William P. Dole, [c. 11] June 1861, CW, 4:403-4.

Gen. Meigs accompanies Gen. Erasmus D. Keyes to see President about field command and promotion for Keyes. Extracts from Meigs Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

Hiram Berdan, mechanical engineer and expert rifleman, in morning interview with President regarding formation of regiment of sharpshooters is referred to secretary of war. N.Y. Tribune, 18 June 1861.

President would accept another regiment from Michigan and hopes that regiment in Massachusetts commanded by Fletcher Webster will be accepted. Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 13 June 1861, CW, 4:405; Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 13 June 1861, CW, 4:405.

Hiram Barney, collector, Port of New York, and friends interview President about appointments. Baltimore Sun, 14 June 1861.

Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase and Secretary of War Simon Cameron accompany President in carriage with cavalry escort on trip to entrenchments on Virginia side of Potomac. Review troops at 7 P.M. Recross Long Bridge on foot because of damaged sleepers. Baltimore Sun, 14 June 1861; N.Y. Tribune, 14 June 1861; National Republican (Washington, DC), 14 June 1861, 3:4; Journal, 14 June 1861, Samuel P. Heintzelman Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

President orders secretary of war: "Let Hon. John A. Dix be a Major General of Volunteers. Let Captain John Pope of the U.S.A. and Hon. Stephen A. Hurlbut of Ills. each be a Brigadier General, of (Illinois) volunteers." DNA—WR RG 94, Adjt. Gen. Off., Letters Received, Box 629; Memorandum: Appointment of John Pope and Stephen A. Hurlbut, 14 June 1861, CW, 4:407.

Lincoln and two boys at depot in afternoon to meet Mrs. Lincoln arriving from Philadelphia. Baltimore Sun, 15 June 1861.

Lincoln spends evening at Navy Yard. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 15 June 1861, 3:1.

President accepts offer of ten additional regiments from Governor John A. Andrew (Mass.). Endorsement: John A. Andrew to Hiram Walbridge, 15 June 1861, CW, 4:408.

President attends presentation of linen havelocks to three companies of the Second United States Cavalry at Arlington House, former home of General Robert E. Lee, in Virginia. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 18 June 1861, 3:2.

Lincoln writes to Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase and asks him to "issue a Warrant" for $7,500 worth of merchandise that First Lady Mary Lincoln bought "for the purpose of furnishing the President's House, in accordance with the act of Feb. 20. 1861." Mary Lincoln purchased items including "Lace Curtains . . . 1 Rosewood Bedstead . . . 2 Arm Chairs . . . 4 Wall Chairs . . . [and] 1 Rich Rosewood Center Table" from William H. Carryl and Brother, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abraham Lincoln to Salmon P. Chase, 15 June 1861, CW, 4:407; Harry E. Pratt and Ernest E. East, Mrs. Lincoln Refurbishes the White House (Harrogate, TN: Lincoln Memorial University, 1945), 12.

[See May 29, 1861, June 17, 1861.]

President Lincoln and Secretary of State William H. Seward visit New York regiments' camps, located north of Washington. A newspaper reports, "The President shook hands with each member of the Cayuga Regiment. I have seen nearly all of our great men . . . go through the 'pump-handle movement,' but there certainly never was a man who could do it with the celerity and abandon of President Lincoln. He goes it with both hands, and hand over hand, very much as a sailor would climb a rope. What is to the satisfaction of all is, that he gives a good honest, hearty shake, as if he meant it." New York Times, 18 June 1861, 8:1; Henry Hall and James Hall, Cayuga in the Field (Syracuse, NY: Truair, Smith, & Company, 1873), 38-39.

Lincoln, with concurrence of Sec. Cameron, approves acceptance of three-year service regiments from Indiana and Ohio. Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 17 June 1861, CW, 4:410; Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 17 June 1861, CW, 4:410-11.

President Lincoln spends part of the day attending military functions. A newspaper reports, "The Pennsylvania 4th [Regiment] came in from camp this afternoon, and marched up to the White House, where they were reviewed by the President." Another paper reports that Lincoln and the Secretary of War Simon Cameron look on as General Irvin McDowell's wife Helen "and one or two other ladies," donate cloths fashioned to provide sun protection to the soldiers of "Companies I, B and G, [with the] Second Cavalry." New York Daily Tribune, 18 June 1861, 4:6; The New York Times, 20 June 1861, 8:1.

Asks Cameron to furnish "Navy-revolvers and Sabre" so that Mrs. Lincoln may send them to John Fry of Boyle County, Ky., "an acquaintance of hers, and a good & brave man." Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 17 June 1861, CW, 4:410.

Approves payment of bill for $7,500 to Wm. H. Carryl and brother for purchases made by Mrs. Lincoln. DNA—RG 217, General Accounting Office, 140-775.

[See May 29, 1861, June 15, 1861.]

President receives telegram from Prof. Lowe in balloon "Enterprise" over Columbia Armory grounds: "This point of observation commands an area near fifty miles in diameter. . . . I have the pleasure of sending you this first dispatch ever telegraphed from an aerial station." N.Y. Tribune, 19 June 1861.

Interviews Gen. Butler, Democrat who is dissatisfied with recognition given him by Gen. Scott. Butler, Correspondence, 241-42.

Cabinet meeting on promotions in regular army. N.Y. Times, 19 June 1861.

Lincoln confers with Sen. James H. Lane (Kans.) and several members of Congress about accepting new regiments from western states. N.Y. Times, 20 June 1861.

John G. Nicolay, private secretary to President, returns from vacation. Nicolay to Bates, 18 June 1861, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

In the morning, President Lincoln and Secretary of War Simon Cameron review two Pennsylvania regiments. Sun (Baltimore, MD), 20 June 1861, 2:2.

Confers with Adjt. Gen. Thomas on military appointments. Abraham Lincoln to Lorenzo Thomas, 19 June 1861, CW, 4:413.

President Lincoln writes to Ninian W. Edwards, who is married to Elizabeth Todd, Mary Lincoln's sister. Edwards, of Springfield, Illinois, wrote to Lincoln seeking a government position. Lincoln explains, "I thought I would inquire into the thing and write you, but the extraordinary pressure upon me diverted me from it, and soon it passed out of my mind. . . . I am unwilling, of course, that you should be deprived of a chance to make something, if it can be done without injustice to the Government, or to any individual." Abraham Lincoln to Ninian W. Edwards, 19 June 1861, CW, 4:412.

From the entrance of the White House, President Lincoln watches as the First Massachusetts Regiment, under the command of Colonel Robert Cowdin, passes in review. A newspaper reports, "After the column . . . passed the President, the crowd of lookers on made a rush toward him to greet him and shake hands. The stampede and competition to obtain a recognition from his Excellency was so great that the guard of the regiment had to interfere to prevent the crowd from killing the President with kindness. What made the crowd more unpleasant to the President was that he had been standing beneath a broiling sun during the passing of the regiment, and was quite fatigued." Afterward, Lincoln meets with various individuals, including the President of the Boston and Worcester Railroad, Ginery Twitchell. Lincoln then "took his leave, saying that he was very busy preparing for the assembling of Congress." New York Herald, 20 June 1861, 1:1-2; Warren H. Cudworth, History of the First Regiment (Massachusetts Infantry) (Boston: Walker, Fuller, and Company, 1866), 28-29.

Announces that he will receive no visitors until the opening of the special session of Congress on July 4, 1861. National Republican (Washington, DC), 20 June 1861, 2:3; New York Times, 20 June 1861.

In the evening, President Lincoln and his wife, Mary, visit the Navy Yard, where they watch New York's 71st Regiment perform drills. A newspaper reports, "The usual salute was fired." New York Daily Tribune, 20 June 1861, 4:6.

President authorizes suspension of writ of habeas corpus in case of Major William H. Chase, charged with treason. Abraham Lincoln to Winfield Scott, 20 June 1861, CW, 4:414.

Writes Secretary of War Simon Cameron about additional New York regiment. CW, 8:472.

[Mrs. Lincoln, Willie and Tad Lincoln, and party visit camp of New York Twenty-fifth Regiment on Virginia side of Potomac. On return, the tongue of the carriage broke, and the horses ran, throwing the driver from his seat. Nearby soldiers prevented an accident to the carriage. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 22 June 1861, 3:2; Sun (Baltimore, MD), 22 June 1861.]

President directs heads of bureaus in war, navy, and other departments to prepare, under direction of John G. Nicolay, reports showing number of men enlisted as soldiers or seamen in service of U.S., and number and description of war vessels and transports owned or chartered by government. Abraham Lincoln to Heads of Bureaus, 22 June 1861, CW, 4:415.

Approves, if agreeable to secretary of war, receiving cavalry regiment as one of infantry regiments already accepted from Indiana. Abraham Lincoln to Simon Cameron, 22 June 1861, CW, 4:415.

President interviews Commodore Stringham assigned to Norfolk to prepare expedition to coast of North Carolina. Baltimore Sun, 25 June 1861.

With party of five generals and three cabinet members observes demonstration of "Coffee Mill" gun at Arsenal, Greenleaf's Point and 4½ St. SW. Bruce, Tools of War, 119.

Reviews 37th New York Regiment at White House. Baltimore Sun, 25 June 1861.

President Lincoln writes to Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase regarding a job promotion for William W. Danenhower. Lincoln writes, "The accompanying papers show, as I know to be true, that W. W. Danenhower is most worthy of our consideration. He now has a small clerkship, upon which, with his family, he can not live. He now wishes some place with better pay, leaving the place he now has to some man without a family, or with a smaller one. I sincerely join him in this wish." Abraham Lincoln to Salmon P. Chase, 24 June 1861, RG 56, Entry 210: Part II, Records of Various Divisions within the Office of the Secretary of the Treasury, Records of the Division of Appointments, Correspondence of the Division, Applications and Recommendations for Positions in the Washington, D. C. Offices of the Treasury Department, 1830-1910, National Archives, College Park, MD.

Calls cabinet meeting for 12 M. Abraham Lincoln to William H. Seward, 24 June 1861, CW, 4:416.

At 2 P.M. President, Secretary of War Simon Cameron, and Chief of Ordnance Colonel James W. Ripley watch experiments with rifled cannon at Arensal. Ordnance Office Notice, 24 June 1861, Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC; Bruce, Tools of War, 148; National Republican (Washington, DC), 25 June 1861, 3:4; Evening Star (Washington, DC), 25 June 1861, 3:2.

L. Molina presents letters again accrediting him as minister from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 25 June 1861, 2:3; New York Times, 25 June 1861.

In evening 1st and 2d Rhode Island Regiments pass in review at Executive Mansion before President and cabinet. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 25 June 1861, 3:2.

President, Mrs. Lincoln, and party attend, by invitation, funeral of a private conducted with military honors and Hungarian obsequies at camp of Garibaldi Guard. National Republican (Washington, DC), 26 June 1861, 2:5; Evening Star (Washington, DC), 26 June 1861, 3:2.

With Mary Lincoln reviews the Thirty-Seventh New York Volunteer regiment, encamped near the Garibaldi Guard. National Republican (Washington, DC), 26 June 1861, 2:5; Evening Star (Washington, DC), 26 June 1861, 3:2.

Lincoln notifies Marshal Ward H. Lamon that companies recruited from Virginians will be mustered in immediately. Abraham Lincoln to Ward H. Lamon, 25 June 1861, CW, 4:416-17.

Calls conference with Generals Winfield Scott, Montgomery C. Meigs, and John A. Dix, and cabinet to consider military situation. "The President expresses a strong desire to bag [Gen. Thomas J. ('Stonewall')] Jackson [(CSA)]." Extracts from Montgomery C. Meigs Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

Secretary of State William H. Seward and British foreign minister Lord Lyons visit President Lincoln and present a "Royal letter announcing the death of . . . Queen [Victoria's] mother, the Duchess of Kent." Later, Lincoln writes to Queen Victoria and expresses "my sincere condolence, with that of the whole American people, in this great bereavement." Lincoln asks "God to have Your Majesty and your whole Royal Family constantly under his gracious protection and care." Abraham Lincoln to Queen Victoria, 26 June 1861, CW, 4:417; New York Daily Tribune, 27 June 1861, 5:1; New York Times, 27 June 1861, 1:3.

Receives honorary degree of LL.D. from Columbia College; Dr. Francis Lieber, president of Columbia, presents award personally. National Republican (Washington, DC), 27 June 1861, 2:1; New York Tribune, 27 June 1861; New York Times, 27 June 1861.

[On July 4, 1860, Lincoln received his first honorary degree, LL.D. from Knox College, Galesburg, Ill.]

Secretary of State William H. Seward and Lincoln attend flag-raising ceremonies at Zouave camp near Chain Bridge and visit camps on heights. Evening Star, 3 July 1861, 3:1; New York Times, 28 June 1861.

[Camp of 37th New York Volunteers, under command of Col. John H. McCunn, becomes Camp Mary in honor of First Lady in bottle-breaking ceremony attended by Mrs. Lincoln. N.Y. Times, 28 June 1861.]

President summons military officers to special cabinet meeting on state of Union. Gen. Irvin McDowell presents plan for attacking Confederates under Gen. Beauregard at Manassas. Gen. Scott proposes sending an expedition down the Mississippi, establishing blockade, and starving South into submission as best way to suppress rebellion. Thinks troops too raw for battle and disagrees with military authorities. President and cabinet believe public wants action and further delay might cool Northern zeal. Benjamin P. Thomas, Abraham Lincoln: A Biography (New York: Knopf, 1952), 270; Randall, Lincoln, 1:391.

President officiates at flag-raising and Marine Band concert on south lawn of White House. Evening Star (Washington, DC), 28 June 1861, 3:1; 1 July 1861, 4:2; National Intelligencer, 1 July 1861.

Lincoln, Secretary of State William H. Seward, and Attorney General Edward Bates arrive at Navy Yard at 11 A.M., drive through yard with Commander Dahlgren, and go on board USS Pawnee. Extracts from Dahlgren Diary, John G. Nicolay Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.